Jun 25, 2015. If your eye doctor detects a large change in your cylinder, it is not uncommon for them to reduce the cylinder using the principles of the spherical equivalent in order to help you adjust to your new glasses. Plus Cylinder or Minus Cylinder Plus cylinder lenses used to have the cylinder surfaced on the front side of the lens, while, a h_k0"_($k[^b3),r6m6 OwI7IJ1#GNADk3EipQTK3C2rtDEq0'?f8:_VpRn,g0_SiVf*$r6oJ$}[tKt\R:^py}(Sk$ea\?4e^A ~DEdN"PuvgyUN*mJLv [H)oeCEb;[Iz^^y\6v4Q?rwR}LR!B/ IvV)$2'BH QiJ[C:a;}1H{W,XS6>56Z=zN>FXG$~W>~'|TP}9xI\8T[pmvhQ^ y"%bs,K,AmL:l$u' $b\ga k~p|52f' 50IbMa;2V+&D1og!x _.Mpqa9Xuar>|)GK1fCV&d3"30 H2l8NW+R}rzU{V 0 Question: What is the surface area of a cylinder with the base radius r = 2 cm and the height h = 3 cm? %PDF-1.4 Click here to see how to transpose an Rx manually. Learn more about data safety. Slide 5 <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 540 720] /Contents 4 0 R/StructParents 0>> Hb``$WR~|@T#2S/`M. + 1.75 - 0.75 X 030 2. [Content_Types].xml ( Zr0}L6I;@zy%3I? The sphere and the 1/2 cylinder are combined The sphere and the cylinder are then added together to give you the equivalent sphere. As in the single-cylinder case, the power of each is recorded on its meridian of power, 90. o. away from its axis. Cylinder Calculator Choose a Calculation radius r = height h = Let pi = Units Significant Figures Answer: radius r = height h = volume V = lateral surface area L = top surface area T = base surface area B = total surface area A = In Terms of Pi volume V = lateral surface area L = top surface area T = base surface area B = total surface area A = For example, if the working distance between your retinoscope and the phoropter is 50cm, then subtract 1/0.5m or 2.00 diopters from the final spherical correction to account for this. By convention, ophthalmology usually does their refractions in plus cylinder. Plus cylinder is noted on the phoropter in black numbers and in written prescriptions by a positive cylinder power. farsightedness) exists when parallel light rays enter the eye and focus behind the retina. Plus lenses are used in the correction of hyperopia. Positive, convex lenses are used to converge the light rays entering the eye to move the focal point up to the plane of the retina. wG xR^[ochg`>b$*~ :Eb~,m,-,Y*6X[F=3Y~d tizf6~`{v.Ng#{}}jc1X6fm;'_9 r:8q:O:8uJqnv=MmR 4 Handy and convenient app that transposes any eyeglass prescription from minus cylinder form to plus cylinder form, or from plus cylinder to minus cylinder. An optician should not be ignorant of keeping a patient waiting or placing an order for a cylindrical lens prescription when there is an alternative form of that prescription in stock, all you need to do is to transpose. Lets review the various categories of refractive errors you will encounter. First, there is simple myopia. Slide 7 Toric transposition: This is the process of transposition whereby the cylinder power and spherical power is not separated by 90. It can also be define as the act of converting the prescription of an ophthalmic lens form a sphere with minus cylinder form to a sphere with plus cylinder form or vice vise. Vice Versa if it starts with -. Change the axis by 90 degrees. However, if the reflex looks thicker/thinner or brighter/dimmer when varying the axis of your streak, then there is astigmatism to correct as well. Step 1. n3kGz=[==B0FX'+tG,}/Hh8mW2p[AiAN#8$X?AKHI{!7. Slide 22 e.g., +0.01D x 90 (Plus Convention) = -0.01D x 0 (Minus Convention) Convert plus cylinder to minus cylinder calculator Remember: plus cylinder power is additive: + - (+) = + Rx: + + x To convert to minus cylinder format, add the cylinder power to the sphere power, change the cylinder power sign from + to - and change the axis by 90 degrees. Now that we know how to find the surface area of a cylinder let's derive appropriate formulas for the surface area of a right circular cylinder. In laboratory manual, senior lecturer optometry department faulty of life science, university of Benin. In eye care, by convention, we work in quarter diopter units of power.. that is the equivalent of two. 2006 - 2023 CalculatorSoup With simple myopia, the same amount of myopia is found in all meridians. For example -2.50 D.S. Given height and volume calculate the radius, lateral surface area and total surface area. The answer is that a right circular cylinder consists of two circles and one rectangle, as you can see in the figure below. If the original axis is less than or equal to 90 degrees then add 90. choosing a selection results in a full page refresh. 2. Therefore, the base surface area of a cylinder equals two times the area of a circle with the radius r, and the lateral surface area of a cylinder is the area of a rectangle. PK ! Gt#. Educational Research Portal (Projects, Seminars, Term Papers, Theses, Dissertations, Paper Presentation, etc.). Evan Silverstein, MD ChairGrayson W. Armstrong, MDCherie A. Fathy, MDBradley S. Henriksen, MDJessica Randolph, MDNandini Venkateswaran, MDDagny C. Zhu, MD. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. In this presentation I will discuss ophthalmic optics and refractive errors of the eye. endobj L = lateral surface area Cite this content, page or calculator as: Furey, Edward "Circular Cylinder Calculator" at https://www.calculatorsoup.com/calculators/geometry-solids/cylinder.php from CalculatorSoup, Ut* Most eyeglass labs, including ours, cut lenses in the negative (-), and require that any positive (+) cylinder prescriptions be converted into the negative (-) equivalent. In this case, the minus cylinder RX is +6.00 -2.75 x 102. Optometry & opticians, typically work in minus cylinder. In this case the cylinder power is noted on the phoropter in red numbers and in written prescriptions by a negative number. Glasses are made to correct a certain amount of spherical error. However, people also have a certain amount of astigmatism that also needs to be corrected. Cataract Surgeon Needed for the Coastal Virginia Area, Vitreoretinal Surgeon Opportunity- Great Compensation & Healthy Work-Life Balance, International Society of Refractive Surgery. hb```Ox(Qrq=2aXk{^aykgYl!^d Transpose Minus To Plus Cylinder Calculator. Our surface area of a cylinder calculator is dedicated to this type of cylinder. {UzFiA|Q@|^PbB Tf6L%@ m@0BJeP-~FLOQ3};%\KaSrsyg{$J@BHAiQbpvNEnGD]+d[YAz&fj3oX6}Bks.tHqIFT|:WR9_#]$ODKlGeV-xJtLJdYQgoR~A~#rG-(BVwDRop\#sy;cegP^!'O_V[R)^,ID[b}seW-YAD!y1.-0>/Bh4>.6NcbV/gx% In this case, your doctor would not be taking the true spherical equivalent, he/she you would be applying the same principles in order to drop your Cylinder number down to the highest available Cylinder power for contact lenses for astigmatism. Example: Transpose -3.00 +2.00 x 30 1. Because contact lenses and refractive surgery use minus cylinder, it is important to be familiar with both forms and to know how to convert between the two forms. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. 2 0 obj You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Remember: plus cylinder power is additive: +6.00 - (+3.25) = +2.75 Rx: +3.25 + 2.75 x 012 To convert to minus cylinder format, add the cylinder power to the sphere power, change the cylinder power sign from + to - and change the axis by 90 degrees. With astigmatism there is one meridian with maximum power, know as the power meridian and one with minimum power, know as the axis meridian. These two meridians are referred to as principal meridians. Eyeglasses Ebook Slide 3 Refractive hyperopia occurs when the power of the eye is less than 60D and the length of the eye is 22.6mm. Avoid errors in prescription transmission, or use to double check transpo De Marrakesh, Jl. This is a right circular cylinder where the top and bottom surfaces are parallel but it is commonly referred to as a "cylinder.". Use our similar triangles calculator to solve any missing value between two similar triangles. 2) Change the sign of the cylinder power. In the advanced mode of this calculator, you can also calculate the volume of a cylinder, but we also have a dedicated tool called cylinder volume calculator. To calculate the surface area of a hollow cylinder with an inner radius, r, outer radius, r, and a height, h, follow these steps: Calculate the surface area of the rings at the top and bottom using the formula A = 2(r - r). Updated on. Check what you could have accomplished if you get out of your social media bubble. 4 0 obj To transpose this prescription from plus to its minus cylindrical form we apply same rules as follows: Rule 1: (new sphere power) - 2.00 + 1.50 = - 0.50DS. Slide 16 We are affiliate company of UNIQSO. Therefore, the transposed plus cylindrical form of a given prescription is plano + 1.00DC x 180. Question: What is the surface area of a cylinder with a base diameter d = 10 cm and height h = 5 cm? Congratulations, you are finished with retinoscopy, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EjazGO1-XcU, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kAreDffuVCQ, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezOoPKZwNDk, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZjlyDi7iFqc, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bUEFgxx-eY8. `cUvVACbV7VBz3i1vx00ijuN \[ The American Academy of Ophthalmology's newsletter for young ophthalmologists (YOs) those in training as well as in their first few years in practice. Prescription transposition calculation Prescription transposition calculation from international format to Sph Cyl Axis. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Back to our schematic eye. Remember, the emmetropic eye is defined as being 22.6mm in length and have a refracting power of 60 diopters.. 9UEb >rz20oi1Q:p' tW9Pd2Se*nBvdcE qn.GCDGCGCZBx %dT$H%SH1(xjT'/l 400-f ? ?c`G&^Mv 0 Slide 8 Prescriptions can be entered using plus or minus cylinder format, the result will not be affected whatsoever. Ophthalmic workshop dispensing lab ii, San Francisco, American Academy of ophthalmology 2011-2012, Allied Health on the job training kit 2011, Dallas American Health Association Academy of ophthalmology 2011 (Revised as appropriate). xH 2 O. The spherical equivalent is defined as the spherical power whose focal point coincides with the Circle of Least Confusion of a sphero-cylindrical lens. The Circle of Least Confusion is the midpoint between the two primary focal lines of a sphero-cylindrical lens. An example of a time when the spherical equivalent power is used is when an individual with a low amount of astigmatism is being prescribed a spherical contact lens. Transpose a prescription written in plus cylinder form to minus cylinder form as follows: Calculator Plus Cylinder To Minus CALCUZ from calcuz.blogspot.com The full cylinder power is located at 90o away from the axis, so combine the two powers (-2.00) + (+2.50) = +0.50so the power at the 90o meridian is +0.50. Rule 1: (sphere power) take either power of the 2 cross-cylinders as spherical power of the new sphero-cylinders as spherical power of the new sphero-cylinderical prescription. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. circle calculator. Transpose a lens power of +1.00/-2.00 x 180 (in minus-cylinder form) to plus-cylinder form. m@N}eEu?=ZyAC3C}bDNd"&Q~qBUtqBg@ PTCBV5miI RBvt#=qORBHw"uZz od"A@O@O#rLT]bDd|uMs&j:.~L8#(Sz *n\ U=L Dg Qe*e6I?$wx:U|f{$\ 6id$`0c*dzZc$5>,K~p?n`"D*P/BC{fB$JX] An example of this would be: Glasses Prescription: Sphere (SPH) Cylinder (CYL) Axis Right (OD) -2.00 -0.50 180 Left (OS) -2.50 -0.50 170 Theoretical Spherical equivalent: Spherical Equivalent Right -2.25 Left -2.75 Finally, change the axis of the cylinder by 90. 1 Tilt adjustment, 2 Pupillary distance adjustment, 3 Strong sphere power, 4 Jackson cross, 5 Weak sphere power, 6 Viewing tube, 7 Cylinder axis, 8 Level, 9 Auxiliary lens dial, 10 Eye piece, 11 Risley prism, 12 Cylinder power. Using the example of -1.00 +0.50 x 180. First add the sphere and cylinder powers together to get the new sphere power. In this case, you have -1.00 + (+0.50). This results in a new sphere power of -0.50D. Next change the +0.50 cylinder power sign to minus. Finally, change the cylinder axis by 90 degrees. In this case, 180 degrees 090 degrees = 090 degrees, which is the new axis. endstream endobj 4908 0 obj <>stream https://www.calculatorsoup.com - Online Calculators. Slide 11 x*eN6[7vh)ow E GLu1xE,ep"Xd?=^^|#vvG\D?xI,)>YbO'E21OKhRfB" cylinder_volume = (R - r) cylinder_height where R - external radius, and r - internal radius Similarly, we can calculate the cylinder volume using the external diameter, D, and internal diameter, d, of a hollow cylinder with this formula: cylinder_volume = [ (D - d)/4] cylinder_height Written all together: -0.50 -0.50 x 090 is the same as -1.00 +0.50 x 180. Here you can get famous cosmetic, toric, hyperopia and cosplay contacts with high prescriptions from Republic of Korea. Since most of the physical properties of toric lenses are similar to cylindrical lens and vice versa. lX*T3"^Gd4 )v&K>Rn)4crMYjYje u=4"hiIvSif{hL-X_;`}- t- 4`.lz4:it? ~IA'MN4:it~I&A'MN4it? ~Ed`J[*9=ywzR*_ Use this calculator to convert any Rx between plus cylinder form and minus cylinder form. What if there is astigmatism? Once an eye doctor has issued you a valid contact lens prescription, you can then use it to order contact lenses in stores or online. Rule 2. Contacts will be sent directly from South Korea. kL- LdRW(;yc_HEd H/JWK**J_*\B0_RNP Slide 17 Powered by. /J7PT#TKJU*T%Ut it is also to rewrite the expression of its power without actually changing its value. How to find the surface area of a cylinder? x\Ks7Ja{ It is also important for an optician to be acquitted with the knowledge of transposition. No information available. Using the ellipse circumference calculator, you can find the distance around any given ellipse. Slide 13 The example Rx above is in 'minus cylinder form' and can be converted to 'plus cylinder form' by following the 3 steps below. (1st Cross-Cylinder): Take the spherical power of a given sphero-cylinder prescription and write this as a cross cylinder with its axis 900 away from the axis of a given sphero-cylindrical prescription. A person is said to have an ametropia when parallel light rays are imaged in front of or behind the retina, again with accommodation at rest. Click here to see how to transpose an Rx manually. x- [ 0}y)7ta>jT7@t`q2&6ZL?_yxg)zLU*uSkSeO4?c. R -25 S>Vd`rn~Y&+`;A4 A9 =-tl`;~p Gp| [`L` "AYA+Cb(R, *T2B- Starting with the right eye, shine the retinoscopy streak into the patients eye and move it from side to side. The optical properties of the prescription remain the same. This process is called surfacing. = square root, This online calculator will calculate the various properties of a cylinder given 2 known values. dcn"MxxA#2$i> [KOO o GS Slide 4 Simply input the correct lens formula and your prescription will automatically convert to the corresponding lens parameters. This surface area of a cylinder calculator is a handy tool that quickly finds all of the three types of surface areas: A cylinder is a three-dimensional solid that consists of two congruent surfaces (bases) and one lateral surface. You may also want to estimate other parameters of a cylinder just check out our right cylinder calculator! stream The axis is not part of the calculation for spherical equivalent at all. Keep reading if you want to learn what is the surface area of a cylinder formula and how to find the surface area of a cylinder. First add the sphere and cylinder powers together to get the new sphere power. Developer contact. The second number indicates the power in diopters of the cylinder. What's the surface area of a cylinder formula? Step 3: Change the axis by 90 degrees Add or remove 90 degrees to the axis depending on the original axis. The first side of this rectangle is the height of the cylinder h, and the second is the circumference of the base equal to 2 r, according to the circumference calculator. Add the sphere and cylinder values to obtain the new sphere power: +1.00 - 2.00 = -1.00 Step 2. Calculations are based on algebraic manipulation of these standard formulas. So instead of the optician finding it as a problem of getting + 1.00DS-2.00DC x 180 the optician simply go for -1.00DS + 2.00DC x90 it makes dispensing cylindrical lenses easy instead of keeping your patient waiting or ordering for more lenses when unknowing to you it is your stock. (2nd cross-cylinder) -4.50DC x 90, Rule 3. Pokmon FireRed LeafGreen Plus 471 55 55 comments Best Add a Comment supermechaethernet 26 days ago Cool Gameboy 72 Prufessor_Oak 26 days ago Its the best gameboy 23 Sabertooth472 Developers can show information here about how their app collects and uses your data. Rest assured this conversion does not alter the type or quality of the vision correction that your doctor prescribed you. (3rd cross-cylinder) +4.00DC x 180/-4.50DC x 90, Rule 1. Transpose a prescription written in plus cylinder form to minus cylinder form as follows: 1. In conclusion, transposition is important because it helps and optician to get an equivalent (same) prescription for a given prescription. What is important to know is that the actual prescriptions are the same. Neutralize the with or against movement you see here. As a beginner, stay away from uncooperative patients (babies and mentally handicapped) and those with significant corneal or lens pathology. There are three steps to transposing an Rx and each eye must be transposed individually. Remember: plus cylinder power is additive: + (+) = + Rx: + + x To convert to minus cylinder format, add the cylinder power to the sphere power, change the cylinder power sign from + to and change the axis by 90 degrees. Rotate the axis of the streak and look at the reflex in different meridians. (2nd cross-cylinder) -0.75DC x 45, Rule 3. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. 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How Normal Vision Works; How Hemianopic Vision Works; How the Peli Lens Works; How Other Hemi Lenses Work; Temporary And Permanent Prisms; Find a Doctor to Fit the Peli Lens. Transposition Calculator Converts Plus to Minus Cylinder Form Sphere Cyl Axis Transposed Sphere Transposed Cyl crosses can be combined. Compound hyperopic astigmatism occurs when there is hyperopia in all meridians, of differing amounts. An example of compound hyperopic astigmatism is +2.50 +0.50 x 180. In this case, there is hyperopia of +2.50D in the 180-degree meridian and +3.00D in the 90-degree meridian. This explain why a toric lens prescription have the following three parts, To produce a particular prescription from a lens blanks these three components with their different powers will be generated in the factory. sergeitvorogov@gmail.com. 3) Add or subtract 90 from the axis. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Question: What is the height of a cylinder with a total surface area of 200 cm and radius r = 2 cm? According to Efe (2012) transposition as the process of changing a lens prescription from one form to another equivalent form without changing the value i.e. The optometric transposition calculator is a handy tool created to quickly transpose any prescription with ease. F;AA~,h HpG-;TU`pG-;T&KS9Xf~4 pd3`":Rrr?5W*WJzYR^CAO}QxkRm_\,iW?lNDF+K=p~+,Q@Wl)h>ppfbGh/kvEQ"ow[k\}pmLt>x6{&^,^%)9QUrsE;?lJVMXxhq*Q_Uy/2/Z-YbZ|AD.VW2'S4iGhF9lm0-i3X9M}8 T5F\G eOB[; s` o=ST_i6n~jg(wuEx^~D"=PRc.Lr.(n4/ZY4AUS5F- 0YA:ZT]|1SA}>NM=`\C`H6%ltwcv>eX7n "x{KtA!Yz-x7rE?]B6:. h = height Calculating the spherical equivalent has many practical uses. The units are in place to give an indication of the order of the results such as ft, ft2 or ft3. This means that given a specific toric lens prescription, the sphero-cylindrical prescription of equivalent power can be deduced from it by applying the following rules. It takes patience and a lot of practice. Lens prescription can be written in any of this form, Plano cylinder: This has one surface plane and the other, either + or cylinder eg (plano x 0.50DCx180), Sphere cylinder: This has one surface spherical and the other cylindrical eg +0.75DS -1.00DC x 50, Cross cylinder: This has one surface a cylinder and other another cylinder eg +1.50DCx180/0.75DCx90, Step 1: New spherical power: add the power of the sphere to the power of cylinder (algebraically) of a given prescription. Slide 9 FNCO (2012). Say you have a single lens. <> You can deconstruct any spectacle correction by using an optical cross. To do this, make a cross and put the sphere power on the meridian of the cylinder axis. The cylinder power goes 90 away from the sphere power.. Regardless of whether you have to provide your contact lens prescription or not, it is always extremely important to only use a valid contact lens prescription to order contact lenses. Mr. Nsubuisi Igboekwe (2013). The third number indicates the axis at which the cylinder is neutralized. As you move the streak from side to side, the reflex will appear to move obliquely (Figure 4). Simple hyperopic astigmatism occurs with there is hyperopia in one meridian and emmetropia in the other meridian. Here is an example of simple hyperopic astigmatism. Plano +0.50 x 180. + 1.75 - 0.75 X 030 2. Slide 15 (2nd cross-cylinder) add the spherical and cylindrical power of a given sphero-cylindrical prescription and write this as cross cylinder with its axis same as the axis of the sphero-cylindrical prescription. Rule 2: (new cylinder power) change the cylinder sight with the same power -1.50DC. 194 views, 1 likes, 3 loves, 0 comments, 0 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from Telematic Schools Project: Mathematical Literacy Gr 12 (Measurement - Area. It can be changed back and forth once the calculation has been performed. - 2.25 + 1.00 X 170 3. To calculate the total surface area you will need to also calculate the area of the top and bottom. It is not the most accurate number for most people as it does not include the astigmatism component. (1st cross-cylinder) -1.00DC x 135, Rule 2. a +3x180. Refraction is not an easy skill to learn. (*(%8H8c- fd9@6_IjH9(3=DR1%? %PDF-1.5 % (1st cross-cylinder) -4.00DC x 180, Rule 2. Keep the same cylinder power number. 2-16 Converting Between Minus and Plus Cylinder Notations Optics Professor 3.6K subscribers 6K views 4 years ago Here I present a quick shortcut to help convert between minus and plus. A = total surface area i?y7x ((NA The secondary meridian is 90 degrees away and is at the axis of the patients astigmatism. (diopter sphere). endstream endobj 4907 0 obj <>stream You can do this using the Now you know how to convert a spectacle correction from plus to minus cylinder, how to determine a spherical equivalent power and you know about the various types of refractive errors you will encounter when providing ophthalmic care. , University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Web Privacy Policy | Nondiscrimination Statement, Directory | A-Z Search | About Iowa | Contact Us | Calendars | Privacy Information. The diopter is the unit of measure used to describe the refractive error of the eye as well as the power of ophthalmic lenses. A diopter is defined as a unit of lens power equal to 1/focal length of the lens in meters, or 100/focal length of the lens in centimeters, or 40/focal length of the lens in inches. In example, if your cylinder is -3.25 but your doctor wants to put you in a contact lens that has a maximum cylinder correction of -2.75, he/she will have to apply the principles of the spherical equivalent in order to do so. Using the spherical power dial on the phoropter (Figure 3), add the appropriate power until you see a bright red reflex without any motion that fills the pupil. combinations. Slide 2 meridians of the lens. Transpose a lens power of /+ x (in the plus-cylinder form) to minus-cylinder form. satisfaction rating 4.7/5; Solve; Clear up mathematic equation Determine if the light reflex in the patients pupil moves with or against motion (Figure 2). According to the Oxford dictionary, the word toric is defined as having the form of a torus or part of Just like how changing the way you dress transforms your overall impression, changing the color of your eyes transforms your Astigmatism is an eye condition that makes vision blurry at all distances. The sphere and the cylinder are then added together to give you the equivalent sphere. Hyperopia (a.k.a. HyTSwoc [5laQIBHADED2mtFOE.c}088GNg9w '0 Jb If the patient requires a bifocal, the additional spherical power is called the ADD.. When attempting to combine the cylinder with the sphere, your doctor must take this into account by only taking half of the cylinder. Your email address will not be published. Ut endobj Axial Hyperopia occurs when the power of the eye is 60D but the eye is shorter than 22.6mm. The first number indicates the spherical power in diopters, signifying the degree of myopia (minus power because a divergent lens is required to neutralize nearsightedness) or hyperopia (plus power because additional convergence is required to neutralize farsightedness). )U!$5X3/9 ($5j%V*'&*r" (,!!0b;C2( I8/ Slide 21 A Spherical Equivalent is a set of two numbers, one value for each eye, that gives you an estimate of your eyes' refractive error. Slide 1 (diopter sphere). Do the exact same procedure with the left eye. Slide 19 0 &;X** !gpAI^0hnjjs!M0C>2\Alih#o]V 3"kN'0a53a\ !5tS!F Slide 18 A cylinder has three surfaces.These include the two base circular surfaces and one lateral (or curved) surface. Rest assured this conversion does not alter the type or quality of the vision correction that your doctor prescribed you. "F$H:R!zFQd?r9\A&GrQhE]a4zBgE#H *B=0HIpp0MxJ$D1D, VKYdE"EI2EBGt4MzNr!YK ?%_&#(0J:EAiQ(()WT6U@P+!~mDe!hh/']B/?a0nhF!X8kc&5S6lIa2cKMA!E#dV(kel }}Cq9

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