presented above, it is clear that we now have enough evidence that VGT is a very effective The resulting bare root slips can be dipped in various treatments, including rooting hormones, manure slurry (cow or horse tea), clay mud, or simple shallow water pools, until new roots appear. All in all, therefore, vetiver is a solution that should be acceptable to most users. characteristics for different applications; for example, deep roots for land direct water flow to appropriate areas. Switch between the Original Pages, where you can read the report as it appeared in print, and Text Pages for the web version, where you can highlight and search the text. occurs regularly, have been effectively protected by VGT. There are two V.zizanioides genotypes being used in south Asia Vetiver, a very fast growing grass and until very recently a relatively sediment control in the mining industry in Indonesia. Vetiver for highway stabilisation in Jian Yang County: Demonstration For the last three years, VGT has been used as a major component of a There is, too, the daunting precedent of several plants that at one time seemed ideal solutions to erosion problems, but that eventually ran wild and turned into pernicious weeds.1 The early enthusiasm for those species rings hollow, now that its results can be seen. 3.2.4 Advantages of using bare root slips and culm slips. Agric. operation when vetiver is introduced to a new environment (Chen Shangwen, pers. 6.0 APPLICATION OF VGT IN CIVIL CONSTRUCTION IN THE ASIA PACIFIC . Vetiveria can also be found as scented fibrous roots in Indian marketplaces. The appropriate dose of vetiver depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. on Soil Photo 6: Plant with manure, in a good nursery bed. Napier grass is one of the important perennial tropical forage crop belong to family Poaceae. the vetiver hedges will protect the banks of river and stream under flood conditions. Erosion and sediment control this effect has to be balanced against a higher rate of soil water depletion due to the It even managed to punch through asphaltic concrete For developing nations, soil erosion is among the most chronic environmental and economic burdens. First International Vetiver Conf., Thailand, 4-8 February 1996. 4.0 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE VGT. Hydraulic characteristics The implications are that, once the Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Nickel, Copper, Lead and Mercury which are highly toxic to Authors Paul Truong, Tran Tan Van, and Elise Pinners. stabilisation and erosion control due to VGTs low cost and effectiveness. 3.1Splitting mature plants to produce bare root slips, 3.3Bud multiplication or micro propagation. Dalton, P A, Smith, R J and Truong, P N V (1996). characteristics which sets it apart from other tree roots is it power of penetration. The plant is used in dryland restoration to reduce soil erosiveness and is sometimes planted as a hedge. Report on the potential weed problem of vetiver grass Description. runoff water to stable areas or proper drains for safe disposal. Water Management :31(1,2) pp planted on a gradient of about 0.5% as in graded contour terraces to divert the extra extensive and deep root system. It is with this background in mind that we have assessed the experiences with vetiver worldwide and drawn the following conclusions: vetiver works, it is unique, and the method brings new advantages. Vetiver grass is a C4 perennial grass that fits well in ecosystem service model contributing to local and national economies for its multifarious environmental applications, and offers sustainable . Vetiver, of course, has a different mode of growth and action: it spreads poorly. affected by either pests or diseases. Vetiver adds another technique that seems to have notable benefits for the massive, widespread applications that are needed to combat erosion throughout vast areas of the Third World. This increase in soil moisture could be acerbated when the vetiver was To every thoughtful observer, it is obvious that government policies, farming practices, excessive pressures on the land and its vegetationnot to mention foolishness, ignorance, and even a malevolent self-interest that sometimes verges on "eco-vandalism"all lead to soil erosion. the main disadvantage is their slightly higher costs. It is faster growing and imparts more reinforcement making it a better Vetiver root fiber is also used in building materials. The grass grows tall and forms large clumps like bamboo. Ability to regrow very quickly after being affected by drought, frost, salt and other L Vn B, V Thanh Tn, Nguyn Th T Uyn.(2006). The massive root However on newly constructed slopes, the surface layer is Dip in clay mud or manure slurry, and plant in a good bed. associated with the construction of the massive Three Gorge Dam in the Chongqing Development Projects Board, Bangkok, Thailand. A hedge like this across a slope slows the runoff so that its erosive force is dissipated. FAO, Rome. It is, for example, almost impossible even for strong people to push their fingers through. You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you. ", Another reviewer wrote, "The prime reason for a lack of attention is the insidious nature of erosion. Baker, 1996). In a soil block shear test, Hengchaovanich and Nilaweera (1996) also found that root This in sharp contrast to the control site which remained bare and erodible. based on the relative costs of the two technologies locally. the world for soil and water conservation purposes because of its unique and desirable Vetiver grass hedges for erosion The increase was 39% It is likely that this would only affect island nations in the temperate zones, such as New Zealand and Britain. When slopes approach the vertical, the hedges must be placed so close together that little or no land is left for farming. on land stabilisation, soil erosion and sediment control only started in the late Because of the smaller gaps between plants these strips provide protection 7.2 Advantages and disadvantages of different planting materials The bare root slips are the cheapest but required splitting the large clumps before planting. three metre depth commonly use in hard approach slope stabilisation work. costs varied between 12 and 20% of conventional engineering methods. Vetiver, a little-known tropical grass, offers one practical and inexpensive way to control erosion on a huge scale in both humid and semi-arid regions. Resource Science Centre, Queensland Department of Natural Office of the Royal Both of these are likely (even certain) to raise the yields of crops and trees on hillsides. Photo 11: In the north, in Bac Ninh (left) and Bac Giang (right). world for over a century. Zhejiang and Hubei provinces have also testing the effectiveness of VGT on several Vetiver is a tropical Asian plant that has been brought to both hemispheres tropics, where it has escaped cultivation and become a weed in some areas. Lower irrigation frequency after planting. In addition to stabilizing banks and slopes, vetiver grass pulls contaminants from water and acts as a source material for many uses, including roofing thatch, handicrafts, and livestock feed. Erosion control: vetiver grass is widely used throughout the tropics for planting on the contour as an anti-erosion measure. Photo 7: Bare root slips and tube stock (left), putting plants into polybags (middle )and polybagged plants ready for planting (right). It identified the following reasons: Erosion prevention is seen as an end in itself. tensile strength of vetiver roots increases with the reduction in root diameter, this At this site, it is normal to plant sugarcane right up to the vetiver hedges. Vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides L.) is widely used for soil and water conservation, and land management. degrees) the space between rows at 1m VI (Vertical Interval) is very close, this moisture the genetic uniformity of the planting material. Vetiver grass is the coolest grass in town! 3.1.1 Tensile strength and shear strength of vetiver roots. during the last four wet seasons with flow velocity up to 3.5m/sec. botanical classification but it acts more like a tree than a typical grass with its two to three metres in the first year. diameter between 0.2-2.2mm. After two years, the site was completely revegetated with vetiver and local species (1995). Although vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides) has been used for Vetiver is also used in agriculture to protect crops. road batters and creek banks and general erosion and sediment control (Truong, 1998). both plants and human. Following the lead of Fujian province, the highway bureaux of Jiangxi, You're looking at OpenBook, NAP.edu's online reading room since 1999. To get rid of sun rashes, fresh Vetiver roots are put to daily bathing water. containing run off, arresting erosion and creating an ideal micro-habitat for the batter stabilisation, erosion, sediment and runoff control program for Queensland Rail. Unpublished paper presented at Proc. lower planting costs as they are planted in 1m length and easier to plant especially on Vetiver Grass: A Thin Green Line Against Erosion. Rehabilitation trials conducted by De Beers on both tailing dumps and slimes dams, at collaboration with the Centre for Railway Engineering of Central Queensland University, rather than the grass itself or the technology recommended. depletion would be greater therefore further improve the slope stabilisation process DNA tests prove that the sterile vetiver cultivar used around the world is genetically similar to Sunshine and Monto cultivars, both of which originate in southern India. Vetiver oil is found in a variety of herbal skincare products, including soap, face wash, and lotions. in India who were introducing vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides, reclassified recently as Chrysopogon zizanioides) technology to farmers for the first time. Stiffgrass barrier with vetiver heavy metal toxicities. Although vetiver is a tropical grass[179] can also tolerate extreme temperatures, from -15 to 60 [28]. highway network is expanding rapidly, for example during the 1992-1996, more than. The adverse effects of vetiver grass or khus grass are the following: Jeera Water Health Benefits, Side Effects, Honey for Weight Loss Benefits, Uses, Risks, Lemon Nutrition, Benefits, Intake, Side Effects, Vetiver Grass Meaning, Works, Uses, Side Effects, Precautions, Wheatgrass Meaning, Benefits, Dosages, Side Effects, Precautions. suitably designed. The vetiver culm is solid, stiff, and hard; it has prominent nodes with lateral buds that can form roots and shoots when exposed to moist conditions. The main disadvantage of the VGT applications is the intolerance to shading by the Apparently, the vetiver system also provides even more benefits, the most important being the fact that the stout lines of vertical thatch hold back moisture long enough to give it a chance to soak in. Three parts of the vetiver plant are used for propagation (Photos 3 & 4): A culm is the stem or stalk of a grass. Truong, P N. (1997). concentration (6-10 kPa/kg of root per cubic metre of soil) compared to 3.2-3.7 kPa/kg for Vetiver, a little-known tropical grass, offers one practical and inexpensive way to control erosion on a huge scale in both humid and semi-arid regions. cropping layout, vetiver hedges were successful in reducing flood velocity and limiting Increase in water infiltration is Regional Vetiver conference, Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam. VGT requires a good maintenance So, now lets move deep into the topic. Failures of VGT in most cases can be attributed to bad applications It is used to treat acne and sores because of its antibacterial characteristics. Some women take vetiver to start their periods or to cause an . In the process of oozing through the wall of grass, the water can no longer hold the load of silt that it would otherwise carry off after tropical downpours. 30th Ann. In the last locust plague in southern and central Madagascar in At Premier (800mm annual rainfall) and Koffiefonteine (300mm rainfall) diamond mines Vetiver grass for slope stabilisation and erosion control, This is partly due to the low costs of bio-engineering techniques, Hengchaovanich, D. (1999). Copyright 2023 MedicalPlantsNews | Powered by MFF. bio-engineering purposes. How Vetiver Grass is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. This information is abstracted from Vetiver Systems Application A Technical Reference Manual. been used for essential oil production for centuries and for other purposes around the This cultivar minimal. In addition to its unique morphological characteristics, vetiver is also The following criteria will facilitate the establishment of productive, easily managed vetiver nurseries: Soil type: Sandy loam nursery beds ensure easy harvesting and minimal damage to plant crowns and roots. Adams, R P., Dafforn, M R. (1997). On the other hand early results of research conducted at Guangxi University, China, concrete structures such as culvert inlets and outlets, gabion structures or other solid Vetiver is occasionally applied directly to the skin for stress relief, emotional trauma and shock, lice control, and insect repellency. Based on the above, it is clear that the advantages of using the VGT as an Creighton, 1994). This book assesses vetiver's promise and limitations and identifies places where this grass can be deployed without undue environmental risk. Click the link and enter your email address and we'll add you to our list! In dietary proportions, vetiver is pretty much safe. to 150m in vertical height in areas where annual rainfall exceeds 3 000mm. Dalton, P.A.(1997). If erosion is to be controlled across the globe, it is vital that it be done in ways that appeal directly, and obviously, to the farmers' immediate self-interests. If youre breastfeeding, its also better to avoid vetiver. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Vetiver Grass: A Thin Green Line Against Erosion. and Xia et al, 1999). of a 60m long box culvert section on the highway in southern Queensland. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. & Water Management for Urban Development. themselves naturally in erosion-control activitiessomething that national planners have long dreamed of. drains, gullies, creek banks and other drainage structures. and information on vegetation are now available for application in engineering designs. adequately controlled. Vetiver grass is the coolest grass in town! (Hengchaovanich, 1998). Its A vetiver hedge can accumulate an amazing amount of soil. soil movement, resulting in very little erosion in fallow strips and the crop was Stings, Arthritis, and burns are all treated with it. negative effect of VGT on steep slopes, as an extra protection, vetiver hedges could be Splitting tillers from a mother clump requires care, so that each slip includes at least two to three tillers (shoots) and a part of the crown. Nevertheless, much about vetiver can still be judged fairly, based on miscellaneous experience, observation, and even anecdote. Pacific Rim Vetiver Network. Bands of vetiver across these slopes would work only if the farm is cultivated by hand. Limited on-site storage time. This requires nurseries capable of producing large quantities of high quality, low cost plant materials. It is (as mentioned) an especially important adjunct to contour cultivation. A third is that vetiver (at least in many places) does need some care during the period immediately after planting. This is partly due to the low costs of Nowhere in the world have I seen real concern for erosion nor public support for erosion-control programs. not become a weed in the local environment. conditions, it is intolerant to shading. For example in one instance Truong, P, Gordon, I and Baker, D (1996). Instead of using individual bags, bare root slips or culm slips are planted closely in specially-lined long furrows that will facilitate transportation and planting. Nevertheless, vetiver is not a panacea; uncertainties do exist; and there are, of course, other erosion-control techniques. In addition properly laid out hedges can be designed to Finally, it should be noted that although some hedges have formed within a few months of planting, in many sites the erosion-blocking, contiguous barrier will take 3 years or more to form. that of the 60 samples submitted from 29 countries outside South Asia, 53 (88%) were a Namwongprom K., and Nanakorn M. (1992). Vetiver Conf., Thailand . The results material and the all-important appropriate design and correct planting techniques.. Dr. Paul Truong, Principal Soil Conservationist, Leader Bio-Engineering 1997. 7.0 SOME OTHER APPLICATIONS OF VGT IN THE REGION, VGT is highly successful in the rehabilitation of old quarries where Khus syrup is a popular cold drink in South Asia throughout the summer. Disadvantages: Vulnerable to drying and extreme temperatures. Increased maintenance cost following delivery, if not planted within a week. Research conducted by Hengchaovanich and Nilaweera (1996) in Malaysia showed that the However it must be emphasised that to provide an effective support for Vetiver is sensitive to shade and this will slow growth, especially in young plants. emerging leaves. In India, dry roots of Vetiver are used in evaporative coolers instead of straw or wood. Hengchaovanich, D. and Nilaweera, N S (1996). Xia, H P. Ao, H X, Liu, S Z and He, D Q. Vetiver grew vigorously on kimberlite, 2.0 SOME SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VETIVER GRASS. However, vetiver is not like a lawn or pasture species; it is a big, coarse, very tough bunch grass and it grows to about 1 m wide at the base with a clustered mass of dense stems. lands. Copyright 2023 National Academy of Sciences. Photo 9: In the south, left: Can Tho University; right: An Giang province. by root subdivision (slip). effectively protected. These materials require most intensive watering during hot and dry periods and therefore not . So many examples of vetiver's success can be seen around the world that they amount to a vast system of field trials, encompassing more than 50 nations and, often, many decades of observation. Chrysopogon zizanioides, commonly known as vetiver and khus, is a perennial bunchgrass of the family Poaceae.. Vetiver is most closely related to Sorghum but shares many morphological characteristics with other fragrant grasses, such as lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), citronella (Cymbopogon nardus, C. winterianus), and palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii). some grasses, e.g. Farmers, seeing few short-term benefits, lack motivation. 100 years and it has been widely used for soil and water conservation purposes for more the sterile or very low fertility south Indian genotype. 91-104. and low cost bio-engineering tool for the stabilisation and rehabilitation of disturbed trapped by the hedges. on Vetiver Grass Technology ( VGT) have led to the extension of VGT beyond its original that of rock wall and Xia et al, (1999) showed that in southern China, VGTs for soil and water conservation purposes: The south Indian genotype is the main Photo 3: Old tillers (left) and young tillers (right). Truong, P N and Mason, F (1997). Another is due to the sad fact that certain farmers feel little for the stewardship of their land. Proc. It is able to survive drought, flood, windstorm, fire, grazing animals, and other forces of nature, except freezing. stabilisation, improve the micro environment for the introduction, either voluntarily or Synonyms: Andropogon muricatus Retz. https://mailchi.mp/491cd60a6eec/the-garden-nerdSubscribe Here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCwwQz1-MwnsCvFcreSpBuCg?view_as=subscriberFollow Us On Instagram Here: https://www.instagram.com/the_garden_nerd/?hl=en To search the entire text of this book, type in your search term here and press Enter. Vetiver planted at 2m VI provided shades This water is excellent for treating urinary problems that can arise throughout the summer. VGT has been control, environmental and infrastructure protection, and mine rehabilitation. These are kept moist by spraying them with water on a regular basis; they chill the passing air and generate a pleasant perfume. For steep slope stabilisation, the saving is in the order of 90 to 85% in China (Xie, 1997 Vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides), often known as khus, is a Poaceae perennial grass whose roots yield an oil used in perfumes. Requires planting in moist soil. Although other grasses and trees have been used as vegetative barriers for soil conservation, vetiver seems to combine several characteristics that make it special: It reduces erosion when in a hedge just one plant wide. Saraji Mine. grass. Using various parts of a mother vetiver plant. (Few, if any, other grasses seem able to hold back soil or moisture when planted in such a thin line.). Xie (1997) found that for Fujian province the cost of VGT is only 10% Highly tolerant to toxic levels Aluminium, Manganese, Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Malaysia is currently leading the world in the application of VGT for Moreover, putting in vetiver hedges has several other benefits: It does not require that each site be individually designed. Vetivers scientific name is Chrysopogon zizanioides, and it belongs to the Poaceae family (grass family). was completely protected from flood damage. Deep roots, easy to grow, prevents soil erosion and so much more. out, the vetiver hedgerow planted for erosion control was not eaten, even its young with more shade tolerant species. barriers from scouring and erosion by high velocity flows. The essential oils extracted from vetiver grass contain more than 100 constituents, hence the need for the separation of these constituents into the most valuable components. Deep roots, easy to grow, prevents soil erosion and so much more. This indicates that vetiver roots are as strong as, or even QDPI, Brisbane, Lassi, milkshakes, yogurt, and ice cream are all flavored with it. Partially shaded areas are acceptable. Others include the following: Engineered systems, such as terraces, rock walls, and earthen berms and bunds; Broad (as opposed to narrow) strips of grass; Contour cultivation, mulches, crop rotations, strip-cropping, and no-till farming; and. Truong, P and Creighton, C (1994). stabilisation. Title 21. Sydney pp 214-222. As mentioned earlier, vetiver grass has to be established vegetatively Its Despite much rhetoric and effort, little has been done to overcome this problem. the slope. Vetiver grows to a height of around one metre but should be cut back to a planting height of 150mm. This Wearing a hat or cap made with Vetiver fiber shields you from the suns harsh rays. International vetiver Workshop, Fuzhou, China, October Although roadside stabilisation with vetiver is only limited to the 3.0 MAIN APPLICATIONS OF VGT IN CIVIL CONSTRUCTION. From geotechnical perspective, these (Truong and Baker, 1998). Some of the cut slopes were up inlets, vetiver hedges will not only protect the inlets but they also trap the sediment People take vetiver for nerve and circulation problems and for stomach pain. While surface erosion often leads to rill and gully erosion, structural of vetiver hedges under deep flow were determined by flume tests at the University of application in soil and water conservation in farmlands into the fields of flood erosion 74. Vetiver Network Newsletter N0.19, June 1998. self sustainable growth on kimberlite spoils. The Rural Road Erosion Control Program, innate strength and vigour enable it to penetrate through difficult soil, hard For example, as all vetiver research conducted in Australia have been based on Monto Works and Housing has recently started using Vetiver for highway batter stabilisation This is despite the fact that this vetiver clone has This outlook is found worldwide, but it is perhaps most understandable among subsistence farmers, to whom staying alive today is inestimably more important than anything that might happen tomorrow. In country after country, more and more hill slopes and other marginal lands are being brought into cultivation in response to increasing population, decreasing food supplies, and other social and economic pressures. Research showed that due to its unique characteristics, vetiver grass can be useful in phytoremediation. Research in soil In: Proc. others. to high levels of heavy metal provide an unique bio-engineering tool for land This extensive and thick root system binds the soil www.ars-grin.gov/duke (Accessed 3 November 1999). Therefore vetiver produces best growth Before donning these hats in the midday sun, a little water is sprinkled on them to protect them from sunstroke. Vetiver may fail to form functional hedges on sites with only moderate temperatures and sunlight. VGT has also been widely used for land stabilisation, soil erosion and (1997). Do you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features? New shoots emerge from the base thus withstanding traffic and heavy grazing pressure. Publ. and severe shading can eliminate it in the long term by reducing its ability to compete

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